Effect of chronic high-fat diet on predation behavior in rats / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To observe the eff ect and mechanism of chronic high-fat diet on predation behavior in rats. Methods: Ten female SD rats with 4-week-old were randomly divided into a normal control group (NC group,n=5) and a chronic high-fat diet group (HF group,n=5). The rats in the NC group received the regular diet while rats in the HF group were fed with high-fat diet. Fitf een weeks later, the predation behavior of rats was evaluated by open if eld test and food foraging tests. At the end of experiments, the rats were killed and brain tissues were collected for evaluation of c-Fos protein expression in anterior cingulate cortex by immunohistochemical assay. Results: hT e predation behavior of rats in the HF group was signiif cantly impaired in the competitive or non-competitive food foraging test compared with the control rats (P<0.001). hT e c-fos protein expression in anterior cingulate cortex of rats from the HF group was signiif cantly decreased (P<0.001). Conclusion: Long time high-fat diet can aff ect the predation behavior of rats, which is related todysfunction of neuron in anterior cingulate cortex.

Mechanism of adult offspring rats'anxiety-like behavior induced by morphine addiction and withdrawal in parents before mating / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of adult offspring rats'anxiety-like behavior induced by parents experienced morphine addiction and withdrawal.MethodsEstablishing the model of Sprague-Dawley rats morphine addiction,Male and female rats were mated after morphine withdrawal 21 days.Meaning-while,saline control group was established in the same method.5 female and 5 male offspring's brains were obtained to observe the neuronal morphology of hippocampal CA1 through Golgi staining when they were 8 weeks old,the same number of female and male's hippocampus were derived after deeply anesthetized to perform the whole genome expression profiles analysis.ResultsThe total length and the number of basal dendrites branches on hippocampal CA1 neurons in offspring of morphine groups were significantly decreased compared to the offspring of saline group.Comparison with the offspring of saline group,663 up-regulated genes (ratios ≥2.0) and 499 down-regulated genes ( ratios ≤0.5 ) were detected in the male offspring of morphine groups,and 350 up-regulated genes (ratios ≥2.0) and 188 down-regulated genes (ratios ≤0.5) were done in the female.Furthermore,they included many genes associated with regulation of emotional behavior,such as 5-HT2c receptor up-regulation 7-fold,Igf-2 up-regulation 7.1-fold and reelin down-regulation 3.3-fold were observed.ConclusionExperienced morphine addiction and withdrawal in parents prior to mating leads to dysplasia of dendritic morphology in hippocampal CA1 neurons of adult offspring rats,and 5-HT2c,Igf-2,reelin expressing abnormally,which may be the possible mechanism of anxiety-like behavior in adult offspring rats.

The effect of music exposure in juvenile stage on anxiety-like behavior and fear extinction in adult rat / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the effect of music exposure in juvenile stage on anxiety-like behavior and fear extinction in adult rats.Methods4 broods of two-week-old healthy Sprague-Dawleyda rats were separated into two groups randomly.The music groups were exposed to music from 20:00 to 22:00 for 21 consecutive days.When the rats were 5 weeks old,they were caged by sex,with 8 male rats and 6 female rats in each group.When the rats were 8 weeks old,the two groups were assessed in the elevated-plus maze test,the open-field test,trained and assessed by the conditional fear training and fear extinction training.ResultsIn the elevated-plus maze test:Prior to the foot shock,the percent of time spent in the open arms in the music group (female(7.07 ± 1.14)％,male (5.12 ± 1.95 ) ％ ) exhibited no significant difference (P＞ 0.05 ) comparing with the rats in the control group (female (4.65 ± 0.86 ) ％,male ( 4.86 ± 1.95 ) ％ ).After the foot shock,the percent of time spent in the open arms in the music group ( female ( 8.63 ± 3.35 ) ％,male ( 7.79 ± 2.49 ) ％ ) increased comparing to the control group (female(1.48 ±0.11)％,male(4.29 ± 1.68)％) (P＜0.01). In the open-field test:prior to the foot shock,the percent of time spent in the center zone of the music group ( female (6.16 ± 2.17 ) ％,male (6.25 ±3.47) ％ ) exhibited no significant difference (P＞ 0.05) comparing with the rats in control group (female(5.27 ±1.95 )％,male (6.22 ± 3.13 )％ ).After the foot shock,the percent of time spent in the center zone in the music group (female(8.52 ± 1.93) ％,male (6.95 ± 2.46 ) ％ ) was larger than the control group ( female ( 3.47 ±0.93 ) ％,male (4.36 ± 2.22 ) ％ ) (P ＜ 0.05 ).The fear extinction training showed that the percent of freezing time exhibited no significant difference between the male and female rats of the music group and control group in the first block of the first extinction training day and the percentage of freezing time of female rats in music group was significantly lower than that of female rats in control group on the third extinction training day.The percentage of freezing time of male rats in the music group was significantly lower than that of male rats in control group on the second and third training day.ConclusionMusic exposure in juvenile stage decreases the anxiety level after foot shock,and promotes the long-term fear extinction,while has no effect on the level of fear memory.

Change of p-CREB after surgical incisional pain in rat spinal cord / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in the incision-induced pain hypersensitivity.@*METHODS@#A longitudinal incision was made in one plantar hind paw of isoflurane-anesthetized rats. Spinal cords were removed at various postoperative time after behavior test. Phosphorylation of CREB was determined by immunohistochemistry and double-labeling immunofluorescence. Morphine and gabapentin were intraperitoneally injected before the behavior test and were used to determine the interaction between phosphorylation of CREB and morphine and gabapentin.@*RESULTS@#After the hind-paw incision, phosphorylation of CREB was enhanced in the ipsilateral lumbar spinal cord (P0.05). Gabapentin didn't inhibit the phosphorylation of CREB (P<0.05) but partly inhibited the mechanical allodynia.@*CONCLUSION@#Incision induces the phosphorylation of CREB in the spinal cord, and the increase of p-CREB is mainly in the neurons. Phosphorylation of CREB in the spinal cord contributes to the pain hypersensitivity induced by surgical incision.

Effects of vascular endothelial growth factor on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells after hippocampal fimbria-fornix transection / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Mature brain contains neural stem cells. It is very important that how to directionally induce the differentiation of neural stem cells into a specific neuron, substitute for damaged neurons, in effective treatment of nervous system disease.OBJECTIVE: To study the role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in vivo.Neurobiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University from June 2007 to June 2008.MATERIALS: A total of 24 healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to model control, an'dbody treatment and sham operation groups.METHODS: Rat models of hippocampal fimbria and fomix transsection were established in the model control and antibody treatment groups. Rats in the sham operation only received digging skull operation. Immediately following model induction, rats in the antibody treatment group were subjected to 4 μL anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody. The needle was inserted at anterior fontanelle+0.6 mm, lateral side+0.6 mm and ventral side-5.5 mm at the affected side. Rats in the model control and sham operation groups were subjected to an equal volume of saline.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, Nestin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen was observed using immunohistochemical method. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen index was calculated.RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and Nastin was significantly increased at the septal area following hippocampal fimbria and fornix transsection in the model control group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model control group, Nestin expression was significantly decreased in the antibody treatment group (P< 0.01). The proliferating cell nuclear antigen diffusely expressed in neuronal cytoplasm in the sham operation group, with the presence of non-specific staining, and the proliferation index was nearly 0. A little proliferating cell nuclear antigen was found in the model control group, with a proliferating index of 1%. Following antibody treatment, the proliferating index was decreased to 0.CONCLUSION: Following septal area damage, the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor induces the occurrence of neural stem cells. High expression of vascular endothelial growth factor may be the promoting factor of occurrence and differentiation of neural stem cells, and the basis of self-repair following bran damage.

Expression and significance of Cu/ZnSOD and PLUNC protein in chronic sinusitis and nasal polyp tissue / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To validate the expression of Cu/ZnSOD and PLUNC protein in chronic sinusitis and nasal polyp tissue by immunohistochemistry.@*METHOD@#Thirty-four nasal polyps, 30 chronic sinusitis and 18 control cases were chosen. All samples were stained with SP immunohistochemical method to examine Cu/ZnSOD and PLUNC protein respectively.@*RESULT@#(1) Interestingly, we found the positive intensity of Cu/ZnSOD and PLUNC protein were the same in one sample, and they were both expressed in nasal epithelium mucosae, glandular epithelium and goblet cells; (2) We calculated that the constituent ratio among nasal polyps, chronic sinusitis and normal nasal mucosa was significant difference (chi2 = 30.689, P<0.01). The positive intensity of nasal polyps was mainly "+", and the positive intensity of chronic sinusitis was mainly "+++", and the positive intensity of normal nasal mucosa was mainly "++".@*CONCLUSION@#Both Cu/ZnSOD and PLUNC protein are important part of the innate defense mechanism in nasal mucosa. Once the nasal mucosa is irritated by infectious agents or chemical factors, nasal epithelium mucosae, glandular epithelium and goblet cells will proliferate reactively, and then produce antiinflammatory agents such as Cu/ZnSOD and PLUNC protein to defend inflammation.

Association of different susceptibilities to morphine with the expression of 5-HTT and 5-HT1AR mRNA in brain regions of SD rats / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the possible mechanism for the different CPI susceptibili-ties. Methods Using a conditioned place preference (CPP) model, rats were selected into high and low preference groups. Using in situ hybridization, we examined the mRNA expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT) and 5 -hydroxytryptamine 1 A receptor (5-HT1 AR) in 3 cruci-al regions in addiction, namely the ventral tegmental area (VTA) , the nucleus accumbens (NAc) ,and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) , during the dependence and withdrawal. Results During dependence state, the expression of 5-HTT mRNA in each of the regions in the high preference group was significantly lower than that of the low preference group, while higher expression of 5-HT1AR mRNA in each of the regions in the high preference group than that of the low preference group was found (P<0.05). During withdrawal state, the expression of 5-HTT mRNA in each of the regions in high preference group was significantly higher than that of the low preference group, while lower expres-sion of 5-HTIAR mRNA in each of the regions in the high preference group than that of the low prefe-rence group was found (P<0.05). Conclusion 5-HTT and 5-HT1 AR may play a role in diffe-rences in susceptibility to morphine.

Expression and its significance of GAP-43 and TrkB mRNA in the rat hippocampus after epilepsy induced by pilocarpine / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To explore the expression and its significance of growth-associated protein(GAP-43 ) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNK) receptor TrkB gene in rat hippocampus after epilepsy induced by pilocarpine (PILO). Methods In situ hybrid histochemical method was used to observe the changes of the expression of GAP-43 and TrkB mRNA in hippocampus after status epilepticus( SE) induced by PIOL. Results At 3 - 6h following the onset of status epilepticus(SE), TrkB mRNA expression was dramatically high than control groups in the dentate gyrus granule cell and CA3,CA1 pyramidal cell layers(P